Functional Groups of Chemistry

Uhlelo lokusebenza olubaluleke kakhulu lwabafundi be-organic chemistry luhlanganisa amaqembu asebenzayo angu-80, amakilasi ezinto eziphilayo (aldehyde, ethers, esters, njll.) kanye nemikhiqizo yemvelo (ama-nucleic acid, ama-carbohydrates, ama-lipids, njll.).
Qala emaqenjini ayisisekelo (njengama-ketones nama-hydrocarbons) bese uqhubekela ezihlokweni ezithuthukile (isibonelo, ama-azo compounds nama-boronic acid).

Khetha imodi yomdlalo bese uphendula imibuzo:
1) Imibuzo yokupela (ilula futhi inzima) - phendula yonke imibuzo ngendlela efanele ukuze uwine inkanyezi.
2) Imibuzo yokukhetha okuningi (enezimpendulo ezi-4 noma ezi-6).
3) Umdlalo wesikhathi (nikeza izimpendulo eziningi ngangokunokwenzeka ngomzuzu ongu-1) - kufanele unikeze izimpendulo ezifanele ezingaphezu kwama-25 ukuze uthole inkanyezi.
4) Hudula bese Uwisa: fanisa amafomula amakhemikhali ama-4 namagama ama-4.
Amathuluzi okufunda amabili:
* Amakhadi okukhumbula ngekhanda lawa maqembu.
* Amathebula amaqembu asebenzayo.

Uhlelo lokusebenza luhunyushelwa ezilimini eziyi-15, okuhlanganisa isiNgisi, isiJalimane, iSpanishi nezinye eziningi. Ngakho ungafunda amagama amaqembu asebenzayo kunoma iyiphi yawo.
Izikhangiso zingasuswa ngokuthenga kwangaphakathi nohlelo.

Ngithemba ukuthi lolu hlelo lokusebenza luzokusiza ukuthi ulungiselele ukuhlolwa kwe-organic chemistry!