Carboxylic Acids and Esters

acid Carboxylic futhi esters ungomunye amakilasi ebaluleke kakhulu organic compounds. Ziyakwazi yonke indawo:
* E ukudla (citric acid; uviniga = isixazululo acetic acid);
* Ukwenza amakhambi nemithi (aspirin = acetylsalicylic acid);
* Okunamafutha (triglyceride kukhona esters of okunamafutha acid kanye glycerol);
* E Plastics (polyesters);
* E-biochemistry (ukuguqulwa of pyruvate ngomzombe citric acid);
* Futhi ngisho izintuthwane :) (formic acid)

Funda izakhiwo kanye namagama eziwubala of acid 50 ebaluleke kakhulu carboxylic futhi esters yabo nosawoti. Organic Chemistry Quiz:
* Aliphatic elihlale acid.
* Unsaturated futhi acid ukufaka endaweni.
* LikaNkulunkulu futhi acid tricarboxylic.
* Acid elimnandi.

* PKa amagugu azo zonke acid!

Khetha imodi umdlalo:
* Isipelingi kwakha (lula futhi kanzima).
* Imibuzo yokukhetha okuningi (nge 4 noma 6 impendulo ongakhetha).
* Isikhathi umdlalo (ukunikeza izimpendulo eziningi ngangokunokwenzeka elingu-1).
Ithuluzi yokufunda:
* Flashcards.

Uhlelo lokusebenza ihunyushwa ngezilimi 8, kuhlanganise isiNgisi, isiJalimane, isiFulentshi, nabanye abaningi. Ngakho ungafunda amagama acid carboxylic kunoma imiphi kuyo.